REGISTRO PALEONTOLÓGICO DE UN PALEOLAGO CRETÁCICO DE GONDWANA COMO PROXY PARA RECONSTRUCCIONES PALEOCLIMÁTICAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5710/PEAPA.17.04.2023.454Palabras clave:
Formación La Cantera, Lacustre, Lago Underfilled, Isótopos estables, Peces fósiles, Plantas fósilesResumen
La Formación La Cantera representa un sistema lacustre underfilled desarrollado en una cuenca extensional durante la casa cálida del Cretácico y posee un registro fósil abundante y diverso. Investigamos las condiciones paleoclimáticas para la unidad desde un enfoque multiproxy. Analizamos dos proxies: a) la composición isotópica del carbono y del oxígeno de peces Actinopterygii basales y Neopterygii y de restos de plantas; y b) la composición de los ensambles de arcillas; aportando líneas de evidencia independientes a la reconstrucción paleoclimática. Los valores obtenidos para peces de δ13C varían entre -8.4 y -1.3‰ (δ13C= χ -5.57‰; σ ± 2.25); y para δ18O varían entre -5.7 y -3.6‰ (δ18O= χ -4.33‰; σ ± 0.84); en el caso de las plantas varían entre -25.8 y -22.8‰ (δ13C= χ -25‰; σ ± 4.33). Las paleotemperaturas obtenidas a partir del δ18O para la columna de agua fueron de 23.33 a 35.80 °C. La firma isotópica del δ13C de las plantas permitió obtener la composición de δ13CCO2 de -5 ‰. Esto concuerda con la interpretación de que La Formación Cantera pudo haberse originado a partir de la depositación de sedimentos en un paleolago underfilled y con el contexto paleoclimático global del Cretácico. Los ensambles de arcillas están dominados por illita-esmectita indicando un índice de hidrólisis elevado y estacionalidad en las precipitaciones lo que apoya el calentamiento temporal del cuerpo de agua. Estos datos indican condiciones de aridez durante la existencia del paleolago La Cantera y sugieren que los proxies geoquímicos de las bases de datos paleontológicas son precisos para la reconstrucción del paleoclima local en tiempo profundo de la Formación La Cantera.
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